In the Anycast Settings step of the Create <Service> wizard, you configure IP routing using OSPF or BGP protocol to advertise anycast addresses
For routing purposes, the internet is divided into ASs (Autonomous Systems). Data is routed within an AS using an IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol) and routed between different ASs using an EGP (Exterior Gateway Protocol). BloxOne supports OSPFv2 (for IPv4) and OSPFv3 (for IPv6) for a routing IGP, and BGP4 to advertise anycast addresses in the larger internetwork.
To configure an anycast service, complete the following:
ANYCAST CONFIG PROFILE
Click Add to create an anycast configuration profile. You must first configure anycast addressing before creating an anycast configuration profile. For information, see Anycast Addressing.
NAME/ANYCAST IP ADDRESS: Choose an anycast name or address from the drop-down list. All anycast addresses you have configured appear in this list.
DESCRIPTION: The description given to the anycast address.
SERVICE: The configured service associated with the anycast address.
OSPFV2: Select this checkbox if you want to use OSPF as the routing protocol (if configured) for the IPv4 anycast address.
OSPFV3: Select this checkbox if you want to use OSPF as the routing protocol (if configured) for the IPv6 anycast address.
BGP: Select this checkbox if you want to use BGP as the routing protocol (if configured) for the IPv4 anycast address.
OSPFv2 Configuration
BloxOne supports OSPFv2 for IPv4 anycast addressing. Click Add and complete the following:
Area Type: From the drop-down list, choose the type of OSPF area to associate with the advertising interface. The area type configured here must match the area type of the upstream router configuration. Choose one of the following supported area types:
NSSA (Not-so-stubby Area): A NSSA (not-so-stubby area) imports autonomous system (AS) external routes and sends them to the backbone, but it cannot receive AS external routes from the backbone or other areas.
Standard: A standard area has no restrictions on routing advertisements, and it connects to the backbone area (Area 0) and accepts both internal and external link-state advertisements.
Stub: A stub area is an area that does not receive external routes.
Area ID: Enter the OSPF area identifier of the network containing the upstream routers, in either an IP address format or a decimal format. All network devices configured with the same OSPF area ID belong to the same OSPF area. You can enter the area ID in dotted decimal notation similar to an IP address, such as 192.168. 17.33. You can also enter the Area ID as a decimal equivalent, so Area 261 is the same as Area 0.0.
Advertising Interface: Enter the interface that sends out OSPF routing advertisement.
Authentication Type: Choose the authentication method to use to verify OSPF routing advertisements on the interface. The authentication type configured here must match the authentication type of the upstream router configuration. Choose one of the following supported authentication types:
Clear: A simple password for OSPF advertisement authentication, in clear text.
MD5: An MD5 hash algorithm to authenticate OSPF advertisements. This is the most secure option.
Key: Enter the key identifier to use to specify the correct hash algorithm after you select MD5 as your OSPF authentication type. The authentication key ID configured here must match the authentication key ID of the upstream router configuration.
Cost: Use the up/down arrow or enter a value to determine the cost associated with the OSPF advertisement interface. You can calculate the cost as 100,000,000 (reference bandwidth) divided by the interface bandwidth. For example, a 100Mb interface has a cost of 1, and a 10Mb interface has a cost of 10.
Hello Interval(s): Use the up/down arrow or enter a value to specify how often to send OSPF hello advertisements from the advertisement interface, in seconds. Specify any number from 1 through 65,535. The default value is 10 seconds. The hello interval configured here must match the hello interval of the upstream router configuration.
Dead interval(s): Use the up/down arrow or enter a value to specify how long to wait before declaring the host as unavailable and down, in seconds. Specify any number from 1 through 65,535. The default value is 40 seconds. The dead interval configured here must match the dead interval of the upstream router configuration.
Retransmit Interval(s): Use the up/down arrow or enter a value to specify how long to wait before retransmitting OSPF advertisements from the interface, in seconds. Specify any number from 1 through 65,535. The default value is 5 seconds. The retransmit interval configured here must match the retransmit interval of the upstream router configuration.
Transmit Delay(s): Use the up/down arrow or enter a value to specify how long to wait before sending an advertisement from the interface, in seconds. Specify any number from 1 through 65,535. The default value is 1 second. The transmit interval configured here must match the transmit interval of the upstream router configuration.
Click Add at the bottom right to save the OSPFv2 configuration.
OSPFv3 Configuration
BloxOne supports OSPFv3 for IPv6 anycast addressing. Click Add and complete the following:
Advertising Interface: Enter the interface that sends out OSPF routing advertisement.
Area ID: Enter the OSPF area identifier of the network containing the upstream routers, in either an IP address format or a decimal format. All network devices configured with the same OSPF area ID belong to the same OSPF area. You can enter the area ID in dotted decimal notation similar to an IP address, such as 192.168. 17.33. You can also enter the Area ID as a decimal equivalent, so Area 261 is the same as Area 0.0.
Cost: Use the up/down arrow or enter a value to determine the cost associated with the OSPF advertisement interface. You can calculate the cost as 100,000,000 (reference bandwidth) divided by the interface bandwidth. For example, a 100Mb interface has a cost of 1, and a 10Mb interface has a cost of 10.
Hello Interval(s): Use the up/down arrow or enter a value to specify how often to send OSPF hello advertisements from the advertisement interface, in seconds. Specify any number from 1 through 65,535. The default value is 10 seconds. The hello interval configured here must match the hello interval of the upstream router configuration.
Dead interval(s): Use the up/down arrow or enter a value to specify how long to wait before declaring the host as unavailable and down, in seconds. Specify any number from 1 through 65,535. The default value is 40 seconds. The dead interval configured here must match the dead interval of the upstream router configuration.
Retransmit Interval(s): Use the up/down arrow or enter a value to specify how long to wait before retransmitting OSPF advertisements from the interface, in seconds. Specify any number from 1 through 65,535. The default value is 5 seconds. The retransmit interval configured here must match the retransmit interval of the upstream router configuration.
Transmit Delay(s): Use the up/down arrow or enter a value to specify how long to wait before sending an advertisement from the interface, in seconds. Specify any number from 1 through 65,535. The default value is 1 second. The transmit interval configured here must match the transmit interval of the upstream router configuration.
Click Add at the bottom right to save the OSPFv3 configuration.
BGP Configuration
ASN: Use the up/down arrow or enter a value for the ASN (autonomous system number) of the interface. You can enter an ASN number from 1 to 4294967295.. BGP uses the unique ASN to identify each system. BloxOne supports up to 4-byte ASNs, including ASPLAIN and ASDOT formats.
BGP Timers: BGP uses timers to control how often the interface sends KEEPALIVE messages and how long it waits before declaring a neighboring router out of service. The keepalive timer determines the time interval at which the interface sends KEEPALIVE messages to a neighboring router to inform the neighbor that the appliance is alive. The hold down timer determines how long the interface waits to hear a KEEPALIVE or UPDATE message before it assumes its neighbor is out of service. If a neighboring router is down, the interface terminates the BGP session and withdraws all the BGP routing information to the neighbor.
Keep Alive: Use the up/down arrow or enter a value for the time interval in seconds when the interface sends keepalive messages. You can enter a time from 1 to 21845 seconds. The default is four seconds.
Hold Down: Use the up/down arrow or enter a value for the time in seconds that the interface waits to hear a keepalive message from its neighbor before declaring the neighbor out of service. You can enter a time from 3 to 65535 seconds. The default is 16 seconds.
Click Add at the bottom right to save the BGP configuraiton
BGP NEIGHBOR CONFIGURATION
Click Add and complete the followingtoadd a neighboring router to receive BGP advertisements from the host.
Neighbor Router: Enter the IP address (IPv4 or IPv6) of the neighboring BGP router. The neighboring router can be within the same AS (the most likely case) or from a router in an external AS.
Remote ASN: Use the up/down arrow or enter a value for the ASN of the neighboring router. You can enter an ASN number from 1 to 4294967295. BloxOne supports up to 4-byte ASNs, including ASPLAIN and ASDOT formats.
Password: Enter the authentication password that the NIOS appliance uses to connect to the BGP neighbor.You can enter up to 80 printable ASCII characters. The password configured on the Grid member must match the password of the BGP neighbor.
When you enter the password for a BGP neighbor, it will be preserved even if you disable MD5 authentication for the BGP neighbor later. But if you change the IP address for any existing BGP neighbor, you must re-enter the authentication password for the BGP neighbor, even if the authentication password remains the same.
Enable Multihop: Select this checkbox to allow BGP to connect with the neighbors that are more than one IP hops away.
Hop Limit: If multihop is enabled, enter the maximum hop limit. The default value is 255.
Click Next to view the Anycast Configuration Summary.