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See Figure 20.1.

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Figure 20.1 MX Records

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Note: You must also create an A record for the host defined as a mail exchanger in an MX record.

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You can add CNAME records to an IPv4 reverse-mapping zone to create aliases to addresses maintained by a different name server when the reverse-mapping zone on the server is a delegated child zone with fewer than 256 addresses. This technique allows you to delegate responsibility for a reverse-mapping zone with an address space of fewer than 256 addresses to another authoritative name server. See Figure 20.2 and RFC 2317, Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA delegation.

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Figure 20.2 CNAME Records in a Reverse-Mapping Zone

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You add CNAME records in the parent zone on your name server. The aliases defined in those CNAME records point to the addresses in PTR records in the child zone delegated to the other server.
When you define a reverse-mapping zone that has a netmask from /25 (255.255.255.128) to /31 (255.255.255.254), you must include an RFC 2317 prefix. This prefix can be anything, from the address range (examples: 0-127, 0/127) to descriptions (examples: first-network, customer1). On a NIOS appliance, creating such a reverse-mapping zone automatically generates all the necessary CNAME records. However, if you need to add them manually to a parent zone that has a child zone with fewer than 255 addresses.

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Figure 20.3 Adding DNAME Records for the Lowest Level Subdomains
 

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In the case of a domain structure consisting of a single domain (no subdomains), adding a DNAME record redirects queries for every name in the domain to the target domain, as shown in Figure 20.4.

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Figure 20.4 Adding a DNAME Record for a Single Domain

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When using a DNAME record, you must copy the resource records for the source domain to the zone containing the target domain, so that the DNS server providing service for the target domain can respond to the redirected queries.

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Figure 20.5 Making the Target Zone a Delegated Zone

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Note: This is a conceptual representation of domain name mapping and depicts the resulting hierarchical relationship of corp200.com as the parent zone for corpxyz.corp200.com. The hosts are not physically relocated.

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You might also use DNAME records if you have a number of multihomed appliances whose IP addresses must be mapped to a single set of domain names. An example of this is shown in Figure 20.6.

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Figure 20.6 DNAME Records to Simplify DNS for Multihomed Appliances

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Note: If you specify a subdomain in the Domain Name field when configuring a DNAME record, and the subdomain is also a subzone, the DNAME record appears in the list view for the subzone, not in the list view for the parent zone that was selected when adding it.

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A NAPTR (Name Authority Pointer) record specifies a rule that uses a substitution expression to rewrite a string into a domain name or URI (Uniform Resource Identifier). A URI is either a URL (Uniform Resource Locator) or URN (Uniform Resource Name) that identifies a resource on the Internet.
NAPTR records are usually used to map E.164 numbers to URIs or IP addresses. An E.164 number is a telephone number, 1-555-123- 4567 for example, in a format that begins with a country code, followed by a national destination code and a subscriber number. (E.164 is an international telephone numbering system recommended by the International Telecommunication Union.) Thus, NAPTR records allow us to use telephone numbers to reach devices, such as fax machines and VoIP phones, on the Internet.
To map an E.164 to a URI, the E.164 number must first be transformed into a domain name. ENUM (E.164 Number Mapping) specifies a method for converting E.164 numbers to domain names. For example, using the method specified by ENUM, the telephone number 1-555-123-4567 becomes the domain name 7.6.5.4.3.2.1.5.5.5.1.e164.arpa. For details about ENUM, refer to RFC 3761, The E.164 to Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI) Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Application (ENUM).
After the E.164 number is converted to a domain name, a DNS client can then perform a DNS lookup for the NAPTR records of the domain name. The following example illustrates how a DNS client processes NAPTR records.
In this example, the telephone number 1-555-123-4567 is converted to the domain name 7.6.5.4.3.2.1.5.5.5.1.e164.arpa. The DNS client then sends a query to the Infoblox DNS server for the NAPTR records associated with 7.6.5.4.3.2.1.5.5.5.1.e164.arpa. The Infoblox DNS server returns the following NAPTR record:

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The DNS client then examines the fields in the NAPTR record as follows:

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